Membrane protein GARP is a receptor for latent TGF‐β on the surface of activated human Treg

J Stockis, D Colau, PG Coulie… - European journal of …, 2009 - Wiley Online Library
European journal of immunology, 2009Wiley Online Library
Abstract Human Treg and Th clones secrete the latent form of TGF‐β, in which the mature
TGF‐β protein is bound to the latency‐associated peptide (LAP), and is thereby prevented
from binding to the TGF‐β receptor. We previously showed that upon TCR stimulation,
human Treg clones but not Th clones produce active TGF‐β and bear LAP on their surface.
Here, we show that latent TGF‐β, ie both LAP and mature TGF‐β, binds to glycoprotein A
repetitions predominant (GARP), a transmembrane protein containing leucine rich repeats …
Abstract
Human Treg and Th clones secrete the latent form of TGF‐β, in which the mature TGF‐β protein is bound to the latency‐associated peptide (LAP), and is thereby prevented from binding to the TGF‐β receptor. We previously showed that upon TCR stimulation, human Treg clones but not Th clones produce active TGF‐β and bear LAP on their surface. Here, we show that latent TGF‐β, i.e. both LAP and mature TGF‐β, binds to glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP), a transmembrane protein containing leucine rich repeats, which is present on the surface of stimulated Treg clones but not on Th clones. Membrane localization of latent TGF‐β mediated by binding to GARP may be necessary for the ability of Treg to activate TGF‐β upon TCR stimulation. However, it is not sufficient as lentiviral‐mediated expression of GARP in human Th cells induces binding of latent TGF‐β to the cell surface, but does not result in the production of active TGF‐β upon stimulation of these Th cells.
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